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Trust Mining
Что такое стейблкоин А7А5
Российский стейблкоин A7A5: что это такое и как с ним работать
Mining
Mining Protocol
Rules for exchanging tasks and work results between a miner and other participants in the mining process.
Coinbase Transaction
A special transaction created when a block is formed to receive the reward specified by the protocol.
Merge Mining
A technology that uses the same computational work to mine multiple compatible blockchains.
Mining Software
Software that configures and performs mining on computing hardware.
Mining Client
Software that enables a computing device to interact with a network or mining pool.
Block Reward
The total income associated with adding a new block to the blockchain.
Mining
The process of using computational resources to participate in blockchain operations and earn rewards.
Miner
A device or software participant that uses computational resources to mine cryptocurrency.
Proof-of-Work
A consensus mechanism based on performing computational work to create new blocks.
Solo Mining
Independent mining without combining computational resources with other participants.
Pooled Mining
Collaborative mining in which multiple participants combine computational power for more regular payouts.
Dual Mining
A mode of simultaneously mining two cryptocurrencies with a single computing device.
Block Subsidy
The portion of the block reward determined by protocol rules and typically associated with the issuance of new coins.
Mining Equipment
FPGA Miner
A mining device based on a programmable FPGA logic array.
ASIC
A specialized chip designed to perform computations for a specific algorithm.
ASIC Miner
A ready-to-use mining device based on specialized ASIC chips.
CPU Miner
Mining hardware or software that uses a central processing unit for computation.
GPU Rig
A mining setup that combines multiple graphics processors.
Mining Hardware
A collection of hardware used to perform mining computations.
Hashboard
The computing board of an ASIC miner that contains specialized chips.
Control Board
A controller that manages the computing and supporting components of a miner.
Riser
An adapter for connecting a graphics card to a motherboard remotely.
Equipment Specifications
Chip Generation
The technological and architectural generation of computing chips used in equipment.
Operating Temperature
The temperature range within which equipment is designed to operate reliably.
Hashrate
The number of hash function calculations that equipment can perform per unit of time.
Power Consumption
The amount of electrical power consumed by mining equipment during operation.
Thermal Throttling
Automatic reduction of a computing component’s performance due to high temperature.
Undervolting
Reducing the supply voltage of computing components to optimize power consumption and heat generation.
Memory Capacity
The amount of memory available to a computing device for storing data during operation.
Overclocking
Increasing the operating frequencies of computing equipment above standard values.
Hardware Error
An error associated with incorrect operation of computing equipment while performing computations.
Power Efficiency
The ratio between the computational performance of equipment and the electrical power it consumes.
Power Limit
A restriction on the maximum electrical power available to equipment during operation.
Chip Temperature
The temperature of a computing chip while mining equipment is operating.
Chip Count
The number of computing chips installed in mining equipment.
Memory Bandwidth
The amount of data that memory can transfer per unit of time.
Clock Frequency
The frequency of clock cycles performed by a computing component, representing one of the factors that determine its performance.
Uptime
A measure of the time during which mining equipment operates continuously and remains available.
Underclocking
Reducing the operating frequency of computing equipment below its standard operating mode.
Mining Pools
Pool Worker
A logical mining unit used by a pool to track computational work separately.
PPLNS
A payout scheme based on a miner’s contribution within a defined window of recent shares.
Mining Pool
Infrastructure for combining miners, distributing computational work, and calculating payouts.
Stratum V1
The first widely adopted version of the Stratum protocol for pool mining.
Pool Mining
A collaborative mining model based on combining the computing resources of multiple participants.
Share
An intermediate computational result used by a pool to measure a miner’s work.
Valid Share
A correct share accepted by the pool and credited as completed work.
Stale Share
A share associated with a mining job that is no longer current.
Invalid Share
An incorrect share that the pool does not accept as completed work.
Rejected Share
A share that the pool does not accept for further accounting.
Share Difficulty
The difficulty level used by a pool to regularly track a miner’s computational work.
Pool Fee
A fee deducted by the pool from a miner’s calculated reward.
Payout Threshold
The minimum accumulated balance required before a payout is processed.
Payout Scheme
Rules for calculating and distributing rewards among mining-pool participants.
Pay Per Share
A payout scheme where rewards are calculated for each accepted share.
FPPLNS
A PPLNS variant using a fixed calculation window or rule for credited shares.
Solo Pool
A pool mode where the reward for a found block is attributed to the participant that finds it.
Stratum
A communication protocol used by miners to interact with mining-pool infrastructure.
Stratum V2
A newer generation of Stratum designed for more efficient and secure mining communication.
VarDiff
A mechanism that dynamically adjusts share difficulty to a miner’s hashrate.
Cooling
Dielectric Fluid
An electrically non-conductive fluid used to transfer heat in specialized cooling systems.
Cooling Loop
A circulation path that moves coolant between heat sources and heat rejection equipment.
Immersion Cooling
A cooling method that submerges equipment in electrically non-conductive dielectric fluid.
Delta T
The temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of a cooling system or component.
Cooling Capacity
The amount of heat a cooling system can continuously remove under defined conditions.
Air Cooling
A cooling method that removes heat from mining equipment through moving air.
Hydro Cooling
An engineered liquid cooling system that circulates coolant to remove heat from mining equipment.
Direct-to-Chip Cooling
A cooling architecture that transfers heat directly from computing chips into a liquid cooling system.
Coolant
A working fluid or medium that transports thermal energy inside a cooling system.
Heat Dissipation
The process of removing thermal energy generated by mining equipment.
Thermal Load
The amount of thermal energy that must be continuously removed from operating equipment.
Thermal Paste
A paste-like thermal interface material used to improve heat transfer from a chip to a heatsink.
Thermal Pad
An elastic thermal interface material used to transfer heat across a physical gap.
Mining Infrastructure
Data Center
An engineered facility designed for reliable operation of computing and network equipment.
Mining Farm
A coordinated group of mining hardware and infrastructure operating as a single mining site.
Mining Container
A specialized container module for housing and operating cryptocurrency mining equipment.
Mining Hosting
A service model in which mining hardware is operated at a specialized third-party facility.
Three-Phase Power
A three-phase electrical supply system commonly used for distributing large industrial loads.
Remote Management
Remote monitoring, configuration, and control of mining hardware and infrastructure.
Mining Economics
Cost per Hash
Mining cost normalized by a unit of computational power.
Equipment Depreciation
Allocation of mining equipment cost over its useful operating period.
Mining Profitability
A measure of the economic efficiency of a mining operation.
Mining Revenue
The total value generated by mining before applicable expenses are deducted.
Mining Expenses
The costs required to operate and maintain a mining operation.
Mining Cost
The costs associated with producing mining output.
CAPEX
Short for Capital Expenditure, meaning capital investment in long-term assets.
OPEX
Short for Operating Expenditure, meaning recurring operating expenses.
Return on Investment
A measure of financial return relative to the capital invested.
Depreciation
The allocation of a long-term asset cost over its useful period.
Mining Tax
Tax obligations associated with mining and the receipt or disposal of crypto assets.
Tax Deduction
A legally permitted reduction of taxable income or tax liability.
Tax Base
The amount or measure used as the basis for calculating a tax.
Tax Rate
The percentage or other rate applied to a defined tax base.
Blockchain
Stale Block
A valid competing block that remains outside the current main chain.
Consensus
The process of reaching agreement on valid blockchain state and history.
Smart Contract
A blockchain program that executes predefined logic and manages on-chain state.
Blockchain
A distributed ledger built from a sequence of cryptographically linked blocks.
Transaction Input
A reference to a previous unspent output used by a new transaction.
Hard Fork
A protocol change that introduces rules incompatible with the previous rule set.
Chain Reorganization
A replacement of part of the current chain with an alternative accepted history.
Block
A blockchain data unit containing transactions and chain metadata.
Genesis Block
The first block of a blockchain and the starting point of its history.
Block Header
The metadata portion of a block used for identification and validation.
Block Height
A number identifying the position of a block in the chain.
Block Time
A time-based measure describing block production or a block timestamp.
Block Size
The amount of data contained in an individual blockchain block.
Block Weight
A protocol-specific metric used to determine the effective size of a block.
Transaction
A signed operation that changes blockchain state according to network rules.
Transaction Output
A UTXO transaction element that creates funds for future spending.
Transaction Fee
A fee associated with processing and including a transaction in the blockchain.
Mempool
A collection of pending transactions waiting for block inclusion.
Fork
A protocol-rule change or divergence between blockchain histories.
Soft Fork
A blockchain rule change that introduces stricter validity requirements.
Orphan Block
A block that has been excluded from the currently accepted chain.
Blockchain Node
A network participant that performs blockchain data, validation, or communication functions.
Full Node
A node capable of independently validating blockchain data against protocol rules.
Light Node
A node designed to operate with reduced storage and processing requirements.
Consensus Mechanism
A set of rules defining how a network selects and validates blocks.
Cryptocurrency
Market Capitalization
A calculated measure of an asset’s value based on price and circulating supply.
Altcoin
A cryptoasset generally considered an alternative to Bitcoin.
Token Burn
A mechanism for permanently or conditionally removing tokens from circulation.
Circulating Supply
The amount of cryptoasset units considered to be circulating and available to the market.
Deflation
A reduction in the total supply of a cryptoasset relative to a previous period.
Cryptocurrency
A digital asset based on cryptography and distributed network technology.
Coin
The native digital asset of its own blockchain network.
Token
A digital asset issued using an existing blockchain infrastructure.
Stablecoin
A cryptoasset designed to maintain relatively stable value against a chosen reference.
Utility Token
A token primarily designed for use within a product, protocol, or ecosystem.
Governance Token
A token used to participate in the governance of a protocol or decentralized application.
Wrapped Token
A tokenized representation of another asset in a compatible blockchain environment.
Tokenomics
The economic model governing the issuance, distribution, and use of a cryptoasset.
Total Supply
The total number of cryptoasset units that exist under its defined supply rules.
Max Supply
The maximum number of asset units that can exist under defined rules.
Emission
The process of creating and issuing new cryptoasset units.
Inflation
An increase in the supply of a cryptoasset relative to the existing supply.
Halving
A scheduled reduction in the block reward in certain blockchain networks.
Cryptoasset
A broad term for digital assets using cryptographic and blockchain-related technology.
Fully Diluted Valuation
A calculated asset value based on its full potential supply.
Native Coin
The primary asset built directly into a blockchain protocol.
Crypto Trading
Margin Trading
Trading with borrowed funds supported by collateral.
Leverage
A mechanism that increases position exposure using borrowed capital or margin.
Liquidation
Forced closure of a trading position because available collateral is insufficient.
Stop Order
A conditional order activated after the market reaches a specified price level.
Spread
The difference between the best available buy and sell prices.
Volatility
The degree and speed of price variation over a given period.
Crypto Trading
Trading cryptoassets using exchange and market mechanisms.
Spot Trading
Trading an asset with direct purchase or sale of the underlying cryptoasset.
Futures Trading
Trading futures contracts whose value is linked to an underlying asset.
Derivatives
Financial instruments whose value or settlement depends on an underlying asset or reference.
Perpetual Futures
Futures-like contracts without a fixed expiration date.
Margin
Funds used as collateral for a leveraged or derivative trading position.
Initial Margin
The minimum collateral required to open a trading position.
Maintenance Margin
The minimum collateral level required to maintain an open position.
Liquidation Price
The calculated price level at which a position becomes subject to forced closure.
Long Position
A position designed to benefit from an increase in the underlying asset price.
Short Position
A position designed to benefit from a decline in the underlying asset price.
Market Order
An order designed to execute immediately against available market prices.
Limit Order
An order to buy or sell at a specified price or a more favorable price.
Stop-Loss
An order designed to automatically exit a position after an adverse price move.
Take-Profit
An order designed to automatically close a position at a target price level.
Slippage
The difference between an expected and actual order execution price.
Order Book
A list of active buy and sell orders on a trading venue.
Bid
The price buyers are willing to pay for an asset.
Trading Volume
The amount or value of assets traded during a specified period.
Funding Rate
A periodic financing rate exchanged between participants in perpetual futures markets.
Open Interest
The amount of open derivative contracts that have not yet been closed or settled.
Market Depth
The volume of available buy and sell orders at different price levels.
Ask
The price sellers are willing to accept for an asset.
Crypto Exchanges
Decentralized Exchange
A blockchain-based exchange using smart contracts.
KYC
Customer identification and identity verification.
Deposit Address
An address used to send cryptocurrency to an exchange.
Maker
A participant who adds liquidity to the order book.
Proof of Reserves
A method for demonstrating exchange asset reserves.
Crypto Exchange
A platform for trading and exchanging crypto assets.
Centralized Exchange
An exchange operated and managed by a central organization.
Exchange Account
A user account on a cryptocurrency exchange.
Exchange Wallet
A wallet infrastructure used by a crypto exchange.
Deposit
Adding funds to a cryptocurrency exchange.
Trading Fee
The fee charged for executing a trading operation.
Taker
A participant who removes liquidity from the order book.
Order Matching
The process of matching buyers with sellers.
Matching Engine
The software system that matches exchange orders.
AML
Controls designed to prevent money laundering.
Exchange Liquidity
The ability to execute trades with limited price impact.
Crypto Wallets
Mnemonic Phrase
A human-readable representation of wallet key material.
Derivation Path
The path used to derive keys and addresses in an HD wallet.
Hardware Wallet
A physical device for protecting cryptographic keys.
Seed Phrase
A recovery phrase used to restore a crypto wallet.
Change Address
An address used to receive transaction change.
Crypto Wallet
A tool for managing crypto assets and keys.
Hot Wallet
A wallet connected to an online environment.
Cold Wallet
A wallet designed to keep keys away from online environments.
Software Wallet
An application for managing crypto assets and keys.
Custodial Wallet
A wallet where a third party controls the keys.
Non-Custodial Wallet
A wallet where the user controls the keys.
Self-Custody
Direct personal control over cryptocurrency keys.
Private Key
A secret key used to control crypto assets.
Public Key
An open cryptographic key used to verify signatures.
Wallet Address
An identifier used to receive crypto assets.
HD Wallet
A hierarchical deterministic cryptocurrency wallet.
Multisig
A wallet requiring multiple keys to approve transactions.
Transaction Signing
Cryptographic authorization of a blockchain transaction.
DeFi
Total Value Locked
Value of assets deposited in DeFi
DAO
Decentralized governance model
Decentralized Finance
Financial services without traditional intermediaries
Liquidity Mining
Rewards for supplying protocol liquidity
Collateral
Asset securing a DeFi obligation
Liquidation Threshold
Risk level at which a position can be liquidated
Automated Market Maker
Algorithmic liquidity and price discovery
Collateralization Ratio
Ratio of collateral value to debt value
Price Oracle
Market-price source for DeFi protocols
Impermanent Loss
Relative loss caused by asset-price changes
Swap
Exchange of one cryptoasset for another
DeFi
Decentralized finance on blockchain
dApp
Decentralized blockchain application
Liquidity Pool
On-chain reserve used by DeFi protocols
Liquidity Provider
Participant providing liquidity to a protocol
Yield Farming
Strategies for generating DeFi yield
Lending Protocol
Protocol for decentralized lending and borrowing
Borrowing
Borrowing assets through DeFi protocols
Decentralized Lending
Blockchain-based lending without traditional intermediaries
Flash Loan
Atomic loan without traditional collateral
Oracle
External data infrastructure for smart contracts
Slippage Tolerance
Maximum acceptable price deviation
Staking
Validator Node
Infrastructure used to operate a blockchain validator
Staking Yield
Return generated by staking a crypto asset
Unbonding Period
The withdrawal period after leaving staking
Lock-Up Period
A mandatory period during which assets remain locked
Staking
Participating in Proof-of-Stake with crypto assets
Validator
A network participant responsible for consensus operations
Delegator
A stake owner participating through delegation
Delegation
Participating in PoS through a selected validator
Staking Reward
Rewards earned for participating in Proof-of-Stake
Staking APR
Annual staking rate without compounding
Staking APY
Annual staking yield with assumed compounding
Bonding Period
The period required to enter staking
Slashing
An economic penalty for violating PoS rules
Validator Commission
A fee taken from staking rewards by the validator
Minimum Stake
The minimum amount required for staking participation
Liquid Staking
Staking with a transferable derivative position
Liquid Staking Token
A liquid derivative linked to a staked asset
Restaking
Reusing stake to secure additional protocols
Delegated Proof-of-Stake
A PoS model based on delegated voting power
Proof-of-Stake
Consensus secured through economically committed stake
Security
Seed-Phrase Security
Protecting the master recovery secret of a wallet
Cryptographic Hash
A digital fingerprint for cryptographic applications
Zero-Knowledge Proof
Proving knowledge without revealing the secret
51% Attack
Majority control over a blockchain consensus resource
Crypto Security
Protecting crypto assets, wallets, and blockchain systems
Man-in-the-Middle
Intercepting and modifying communications
Encryption
Protecting data from unauthorized reading
Cryptojacking
Unauthorized use of computing resources for mining
Double-Spending
Attempting to spend the same funds twice
Sybil Attack
Creating many fake participants in a network
Eclipse Attack
Isolating a node from the honest network
Replay Attack
Reusing previously valid signed data
Phishing
Fake websites and messages designed to steal data
Social Engineering
Manipulating users instead of directly breaking systems
Private-Key Security
Protecting the key that controls crypto assets
Hash Function
Converting data into a fixed-size fingerprint
Digital Signature
Cryptographic proof of authorization and integrity
Smart Contract Audit
Reviewing smart-contract code for vulnerabilities
Popular models
Brands
iPollo
Todek
Dayun
Bombax Miner
Aisen
Goldshell
Lucky Miner
Innosilicon
Jasminer
Hummer Miner
ForestMiner
Proto
Auradine
Ebang
Bolon Miner
BW
FFMiner
Baikal
iBeLink
VolcMiner
Bitaxe
StrongU
Spondoolies
PinIdea
Pantech
Obelisk
Bitdeer
Bitfily
Bitfury
Braiins
IceRiver
Digital Shovel
Holic
Heatbit
Halong Mining
DragonBall Miner
GMO miner
FusionSilicon